Second Caliph
Commendation be to Allah, and supplications and harmony be upon the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and his sanctified and devoted Companions (R.A.), just as the entirety of their devotees till the Day of Judgment.
The life of Al Farooq Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A.) is a sparkling page of Islamic history, which eclipses and supplants every single other history. The historical backdrop of all countries set up doesn’t contain even a piece of what his life contained of respectable direct, greatness, truthfulness, jihad, and calling others for Allah.
His Ancestry and Attributes:
His complete name is Umar ibn Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl ibn Abdul-Uzza. He was known as Abu Hafs and earned the moniker of Al Farooq (the Criterion) since he demonstrated his Islam straightforwardly in Makkah and through him Allah recognized skepticism and confidence. He was conceived in 583 AC (Cristian Era), thirteen years after Amul-Fil (the time of the Elephant). His dad was Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl, and his granddad Nufayl was one of those whom Quraish Tribe used to allude for judgment. His mom was Hantamah bint Hashim receptacle Al Mugheerah.
His Physical Appearance:
Concerning his physical qualities, he was white with a rosy composition. He was strong, tall, strong and bare. He was exceptionally solid, not powerless or tiny. At the point when he strolled, he strolled immediately, when he talked, he talked unmistakably, and when he stuck, he caused torment.
His initial Life in the Pre-Islamic Society:
Umar went through portion of his time on earth in the pre-Islamic culture (Jahiliyah), and grew up like his companions of Quraish, then again, actually he has a bit of leeway over them in that he was one of the individuals who had figured out how to peruse, of whom there were not very many. He bore obligation at an early age, and had an extremely brutal childhood where he knew no sort of extravagance or appearance of riches. His dad Al-Khattab constrained him to tend his camels. His dad’s unforgiving treatment negatively affected Umar which he recollected for his entire life.
From his initial youth he likewise exceeded expectations in numerous sorts of sports, for example, wrestling, riding and horsemanship. He delighted in and described verse, and he was keen on the history and affaires of his kin. He was quick to go to the incredible fairs of the Arabs, for example, Ukaz, Mijannah and Dhu al-Majaz, where he would benefit as much as possible from the chance to take part in exchange and become familiar with the historical backdrop of the Arabs, and the fights and challenges that had occurred among the clans. Plus, he occupied with exchange and profited, which made him one of the rich men of Makkah. He got familiar with numerous individuals in the nations that he visited with the end goal of exchange. He ventured out to Syria in the mid year and Yemen in the winter. Therefore, he involved a conspicuous situation in Makkan culture during the pre-Islamic time.
Umar (R.A.) was savvy, smooth, expressive, solid, open minded, respectable, influential and away from discourse, which made him qualified to be an envoy for Quraish, to support them before different clans. Ibn Al-Jawzi stated:
“The job of diplomat tumbled to Umar ibn Al-Khattab. On the off chance that there was a war among Quraish and another clan, they would send him as a diplomat, and if another clan was bragging against them, they would send him to react in kind, and they were satisfied with him.”
Before changing over to Islam, Umar (R.A.) contradicted Islam and he even took steps to murder Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W). He was inflexible and merciless in restricting Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and noticeable in aggrieving Muslims.
Umar lived during the pre-Islamic time and knew it back to front. He knew its actual nature, its traditions and conventions, and he protected it with all the force he had. Along these lines, when he entered Islam, he comprehended its excellence and genuine nature, and he perceived the extraordinary contrast among direction and misguidance, skepticism and confidence, truth and misrepresentation, and he expressed his popular words:
” The obligations of Islam will be fixed individually when there will be an age raised in Islam who don’t have the foggiest idea what numbness is.”
His Conversion to Islam:
At the point when a little gathering of Muslims moved to Abyssinia, Umar (R.A.) got stressed over the future solidarity of the Quraish and chose to have Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) killed. On his approach to kill Prophet (S.A.W.), Umar met his closest companion Nuaim canister Abdullah (R.A.) who had covertly changed over to Islam yet had not told Umar. He told Umar (R.A.) to ask about his own home where his sister and her significant other had changed over to Islam. After showing up at her home, Umar discovered his sister and brother by marriage Saeed container Zaid (R.A.) recounting the sections of the Quran from SurahTaha (twentieth Surah of Quran). He began quarreling with his brother by marriage. At the point when his sister acted the hero her better half, he likewise began quarreling with her. However still they continued saying: “you may execute us yet we won’t surrender Islam”. After hearing these words, Umar slapped his sister so hard that she tumbled to the ground seeping from her mouth. At the point when he saw what he did to his sister, he quieted down out of blame and requested that his sister give him what she was recounting. His sister answered in the contrary and said “You are messy, and no messy individual can contact the Scripture.”
The first beam of the light of confidence that contacted his heart went ahead when he saw the ladies of Quraish leaving their country and venturing out to a far off land on account of the abuse that they were looking from Umar (R.A.) and different unbelievers. His cognizant was moved and he had regret and sympathy for them, and he expressed kind words to them which they had never expected to get notification from his individual heretofore.
Umm Abdullah bint Hantamh stated:
“When we were relocating to Abyssinia, Umar, who used to aggrieve us hardheartedly, came and remained over and said to me: are you leaving? I stated: Yes, for you have aggrieved us and mistreated us, and by Allah we are going out in the place where there is Allah until Allah awards us an exit plan.”
At that point Umar stated:
“May Allah be with you. Furthermore, I saw generosity that I had never observed.”
Umar was moved by this present lady’s demeanor and he felt troubled. How much enduring the adherents of this new religion were enduring, however in spite of that they were standing firm. What was the mystery past this uncommon quality? He felt dismal and his heart was filled with torment. Not long after this episode, Umar (R.A.) got Muslim because of the supplications of the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), which was the primary explanation behind his acknowledgment of Islam. The Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) had petitioned God for him saying:
“O Allah respect Islam through Abu Jahl receptacle Hisham or through Umar canister Al-Khattab.”
Umar (R.A.) came the following day to the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and acknowledged Islam.
(Tirmidhi: 3683)
Umar got Muslim in 616 AD, one year after the Migration to Abyssinia, when he was twenty-seven years of age. He acknowledged Islam three days after Hamzah (R.A.), the Prophet’s uncle. Around then the Muslims numbered thirty-nine. Umar (R.A.) stated:
“I recall that when I got Muslim, there were only thirty-nine men with the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.), and I carried the number to forty.”
Subsequently, Allah made His religion win and award wonder to Islam.
Abdullah Ibn Masood (R.A.) stated:
“We felt a feeling of pride when Umar got Muslim, for we were unable to circumambulate the Holy Mosque and supplicate, until Umar got Muslim. At the point when he got Muslim, he battled them until they sent us free. At that point we implored and circumambulated the Kaaba.”
He likewise stated:
“Umar’s turning into a Muslim was a triumph, his relocation was help, and his caliphate was a leniency. We were unable to ask or circumambulate the House until Umar got Muslim. At the point when he got Muslim, he battled the unbelievers until they disregarded us and let us ask.”